Código de avería P0109: This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, which means that it applies to all 1996-newer vehicles (Ford, Hyundai, Kia, Mazda, Mercedes Benz, etc.). Although generic, the specific repair steps may vary depending on make/model. When I discover that a P0109 code has been stored, I know that it means that the powertrain control module (PCM) has detected an intermittent manifold absolute pressure/barometric pressure reading from the manifold absolute pressure sensor (MAP) or the barometric pressure sensor (BPS). The MAP sensor is designed to enable the PCM to monitor variations in atmospheric pressure using absolute intake manifold pressure. Atmospheric pressure is directly related to the particular degree of altitude, as it applies to your vehicle. The MAP sensor is usually supplied with a reference voltage (5-volt) signal, a battery ground, and one (or more) output signal circuit/s. MAP sensor resistance levels react to changes in absolute manifold pressure. Changing resistance levels in the MAP sensor create variations in sensor output voltage to the PCM. These varying voltage signals are not only used by the PCM to calaculate fuel delivery and ignition timing, but also compared with programmed specifications. If input voltage fails to comply with programmed specifications, under certain circumstances for a set period of time, a P0109 will be stored and a malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) may be illuminated. There are several different system of monitoring manifold absolute/barometric pressure. Consult your vehicle service manual or All Data (DIY) to determine the exact MAP sensor design of your vehicle. An example of a MAP sensor Several manufacturers use a MAP sensor and a separate barometric pressure sensor. In this case, the MAP sensor is mounted away from the engine and has a vacuum hose connected to it. The degree of engine intake vacuum is gathered by the sensor and input to the PCM, where it is compared with the input signal from the barometric pressure sensor, intake air temperature, and other factors to determine actual altitude (elevation above sea level). If the MAP sensor and BPS input signals vary by more than the specified degree, a P0109 will be stored and a MIL illuminated. Most automakers integrate the MAP sensor with the BPS. In this type of system, the sensor is mounted to the engine intake manifold. The scanner data stream may reflect only manifold absolute pressure instead of MAP and barometric pressure for this type of system.
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Código de avería P010D: This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, which means that it applies to OBD-II equipped vehicles that have a mass airflow sensor. Brands include but are not limited to Toyota, Infiniti, Nissan, Jaguar, Audi, Mercedes, Dodge, Hyundai, Chevy, Ford, etc. Although generic, the specific repair steps may vary depending on make/model. The MAF (mass air flow) sensor is a sensor mounted in a vehicle’s engine air intake tract downstream from the air filter, and is used to measure the volume and density of air being drawn into the engine. The MAF sensor itself only measures a portion of the air entering and that value is used to calculate the total volume and density of air being ingested. The powertrain control module (PCM) uses that reading along with other sensor parameters to ensure proper fuel delivery at any given time for optimum power and fuel efficiency. This P010D diagnostic trouble code (DTC) means that there is a high condition detected in the Mass Air Flow (MAF) B sensor or circuit. The PCM detects that the actual MAF sensor frequency signal is not performing within the normal expected range of the calculated MAF value. Refer to a vehicle specific repair manual to determine which is the B circuit in your application. Note: Some MAF sensors also incorporate an air temperature sensor, which is another value used by the PCM for optimal engine operation. Closely related MAF circuit trouble codes include P010A, P010B, P010C, and P010E. Photo of a MAF sensor:
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Código de avería P0112: This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, which means that it applies to OBD-II equipped vehicles. Although generic, the specific repair steps may vary depending on make/model. The IAT (intake air temperature) sensor simply measures the temperature of air that is entering the engine. Intake air temperature is important because the higher the intake air, the higher the combustion temperatures. High combustion temperatures result in increased Nox (Nitrogen oxides) emissions. To keep these higher temps from causing increased combustion temps, the intake air tubing should be intact, allowing the engine to «breathe» air that isn’t sampled from the engine compartment. The IAT measures air temp by using a thermistor, or a thermometer of sorts. The thermistor is supplied 5 volts reference voltage from the PCM (powertrain control module) and a ground. Usually, when the air temperature is cold the resistance in the thermistor is high and when the air temperature is warmer, the resistance decreases. This change in resistance changes the 5 V reference from the PCM, thereby informing the PCM of the temperature of incoming air. If the PCM notices that the incoming air temp is unusually high, say, 300 degrees, when the engine temp is still relatively low, it will set a P0112.
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Código de avería P0114: This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, which means that it applies to all 1996-newer vehicles (Ford, Mazda, Mercedes Benz, etc.). Although generic, the specific repair steps may vary depending on make/model. A stored code P0114 means that the powertrain control module (PCM) has detected an intermittent input signal from the intake air temperature (IAT) sensor circuit. The PCM uses the IAT input signal and the mass airflow (MAF) sensor input signal to calculate fuel delivery and ignition timing strategy. Since maintaining a correct air/fuel ratio (typically 14:1) is critical to engine performance and fuel efficiency, the input of the IAT sensor is very important. The IAT sensor can be threaded directly into the intake manifold but is more commonly inserted into the air inlet pipe or air cleaner box. Some manufacturers also integrate the IAT sensor into the MAF sensor housing. At any rate, it must be positioned so that (with the engine running) ambient air, drawn into the intake manifold through the throttle body, can continuously and consistently flow across it. The IAT sensor is usually a two-wire thermistor sensor. Sensor resistance varies according to the temperature of the air that flows across the cold wire element. Most OBD II equipped vehicles utilize a reference voltage (five-volts is normal) and a ground signal to complete the IAT sensor circuit. The varying resistance levels in the IAT sensor element cause voltage fluctuations in the input circuit. These fluctuations are interpreted by the PCM as changes in intake air temperature. If the PCM detects a certain number of intermittent signals from the IAT sensor, over a set period of time, a code P0114 will be stored and a malfunction indicator lamp may be illuminated.
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Código de avería P0111: This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, which means that it applies to OBD-II equipped vehicles. Although generic, the specific repair steps may vary depending on make/model. The IAT (Intake Air Temperature) sensor is a thermistor that varies resistance based upon the temperature of the engine intake air. Usually a two wire sensor. One wire is supplied 5 Volt from the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) and the other is a ground. The PCM monitors the change in the 5 Volt supplied to determine air temperature. When the intake air is cold, the resistance is high, resulting in a high signal voltage. When the intake air is warm, the reistance is low, resulting in a low signal voltage. This code means that the PCM saw a larger-than-normal change in a shorter-than-expected time on the IAT signal circuit.
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Código de avería P010F: This generic powertrain diagnostic trouble code (DTC) typically applies to OBD-II equipped vehicles that have multiple air intakes or multiple throttle bodies. Makes of vehicles may include but are not limited to Lexus, Peugeot, Citroen, VW, Toyota, Audi, Dodge, Ram, Mercedes Benz, GMC, Chevrolet, etc. When you encounter a stored code P010F, it means that the powertrain control module (PCM) has detected a malfunction with the mass air flow (MAF) or volume air flow (VAF) system. The use of code P010F is limited to vehicles which are equipped with multiple throttle bodies or intake air inlet sources that require multiple MAF/VAF sensors. A P010F relates to a comparison between the separate MAF/VAF sensors. A strong vacuum is created when the internal combustion engine is in operation. This vacuum draws in needed air to complete the combustion process. This air is regulated by the throttle plate (controlled by the driver) under acceleration and the idle air control (IAC) valve when the engine is at idle. One of the most critical factors in the optimization of fuel efficiency and minimization of harmful exhaust emissions in mass produced automobiles is achieving a correct fuel to air ratio. The air entering the intake is measured, as you have probably guessed, using the MAF or VAF sensor/s. Fuel delivery and ignition timing strategy is calculated (by the PCM) using data contrived from the MAF/VAF sensor/s. The air which passes through these devices is referred to as metered air. Air which is involuntarily introduced to the engine can contribute to excessively lean (too much air or not enough fuel) conditions and is called unmetered air. Here is an example of a MAF sensor: Here is a brief explanation of the two types of air metering devices The MAF sensor is used most commonly in domestic vehicles. It focuses on a thermal resistor that is suspended in the bore of the sensor so that air can flow directly across it. Hot wire type MAF sensors use voltage applied directly to a single resistor to monitor intake air. As air flow increases, the temperature of the resistor decreases and the resistance level drops. These changes in resistance level result in variations of circuit voltage which the PCM receives as the degree of metered air that is being introduced to the engine intake for precise distribution to individual combustion chambers. Cold wire MAF sensors use a similar system of metering intake air but utilize a pair of thermal resistors. One is positioned in a recessed area of the sensor housing and measures ambient air temperature only. The second is positioned near the center of the bore where incoming air can flow across it, in varied degrees. The PCM compares the thermal voltage values of each of these resistors to determine how much metered air is being drawn into the intake. The VAF is designed with a door or flap that is opened according to how much air is drawn into the intake. It is used primarily in imported vehicles. As intake air decreases, the spring loaded flap is closed. The action of the door/flap actuates a potentiometer that transmits a data signal to the PCM. The PCM recognizes variations in potentiometer voltage as the degree of metered air being drawn into the engine and calculates engine drivability strategy accordingly. When multiple MAF/VAF sensors are used in conjunction with each other, the PCM compares data between the two in order to ensure that a similar conclusion is derived. If the degree of air flow or sensor voltage varies by more than a preprogrammed amount, a code P010F will be stored and a malfunction indicator lamp may be illuminated.
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Código de avería P0110: This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, which means that it applies to OBD-II equipped vehicles. Although generic, the specific repair steps may vary depending on make/model. The IAT (Intake Air Temperature) sensor is a thermistor, which basically means it measures air temperature by detecting resistance in the air. It’s usually located somewhere in the intake air ductwork, but can be located in the intake manifold on some applications. It is usually a two wire sensor supplied with a 5 volt reference wire (which also acts as a signal wire) from the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) and a ground wire. As air passes over the sensor the resistance changes. This change in resistance affects the 5 Volts supplied to the sensor accordingly. Colder air causes higher resistance and higher signal voltage & warmer air lower resistance and lower signal voltage. The PCM monitors this change in the 5 Volts and calculates air temperature. If the PCM detects a voltage that is out of normal operating range for the sensor, P0110 will set.
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Código de avería P0117: This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, which means that it applies to all 1996-newer vehicles (Honda, Toyota, Volkswagen VW, Mazda, Dodge, Ford, BW, etc.). Although generic, the specific repair steps may vary depending on make/model. The ECT (Engine coolant temperature) sensor is a thermistor located in the engine block or other coolant passage. It changes resistance with changes in temperature of the coolant that it’s in contact with. It’s usually a two wire sensor. One wire is a 5 volt reference from PCM (Powertrain Control Module) and the other is a ground supplied from PCM. As the temperature of the coolant changes, the resistance of the sensor changes. When the engine is cold, the resistance is high. When the engine is warm, the resistance is low. If the PCM detects a signal voltage lower than the normal operating range of the sensor then P0117 code will set. An example of an Engine Coolant Temperature ECT sensor
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Código de avería P011A: This generic powertrain diagnostic trouble code (DTC) typically applies to all OBD-II vehicles. That may include but is not limited to vehicles from Mazda, Land Rover, GMC, Chevy, Ford, Dodge, Chrysler, Toyota, Honda, etc. Although generic, the specific repair steps may vary depending on make/model. On the rare occasion that a code P011A is stored in an OBD-II vehicle, it means that the powertrain control module (PCM) has detected a problem with the correlating signals between two separate engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensors. These sensors have been designated as A and B but could also be called primary and secondary. Obviously, this code is used only in vehicles with multiple ECT sensors. Typically, ECT sensors are composed of a thermal resistor that is surrounded by a durable resin in a brass, aluminum, or plastic housing. The housing is designed to thread into the engine block, radiator, intake manifold (coolant passage), or cylinder head. The ECT sensor is shaped and positioned so that, once the thermostat has opened, engine coolant may flow across the tip. The exposed resistor is in the tip of the sensor. As the flowing engine coolant temperature increases, the level of resistance in the ECT resistor decreases. This allows circuit voltage to increase. The PCM recognizes these variations in ECT voltage as changes in engine coolant temperature. The ECT sensor/s provides data to the PCM, for drivability strategy and electronic cooling fan operation, but may also serve to provide a signal to the temperature gauge in the instrument cluster. If the PCM detects independent voltage signals from the separate ECT sensors which differ by more than a preprogrammed degree, a code P011A will be stored and a malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) may be illuminated. Multiple failure cycles may be required for MIL illumination on certain models.
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Código de avería P0108: This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, which means that it applies to OBD-II equipped vehicles. Although generic, the specific repair steps may vary depending on make/model. The MAP (Manifold Absolute Pressure) sensor measures engine manifold negative air pressure. It’s usually a three wire sensor: a ground wire, a 5 volt reference wire from the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) to the MAP sensor, and a signal wire that informs the PCM of the MAP sensor voltage reading as it changes. The higher the engine vacuum, the lower the voltage reading. The voltage should range between about 1 volt (at idle) to about 5 volts (WOT wide open throttle). If the PCM sees the voltage reading from the MAP sensor is greater than 5 Volts, or if the voltage reading is higher than what the PCM considers normal under certain circumstances, a P0108 DTC will set. A typical MAP sensor
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